The United States Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV) was established on 8th February 1962 in order to increase the support to the South beyond that provided under MAAG. The shoulder sleeve insignia was officially approved for U.S. personnel on 5th March 1963.1 It was red and yellow, the colors of South Vietnam, and featured a sword piercing a fortified wall.
1. The Institute of Heraldry